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World's Largest Tidal Bore Surges Up Qiantang River in China 中秋八月十八錢塘江大潮壯景

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Published on 26 Sep 2021 / In Sports

Today (September 24, 2021) is the highest tide day of the year. Thousands of tourists gather in Haining to enjoy the spectacular Qiantang River, the largest tide in the world.

Qianjiang tide, also known as Haining tide, is a unique natural phenomenon in the lower reaches of the Qiantang River. The Qianjiang tide occurs twice a day, about 12 hours apart. The highest tide is 3.5 meters and the tidal range is 8-9 meters. August 18 of the lunar calendar (i.e. today 24th September 2021) is a traditional tide watching Festival spread for thousands of years. The tidal types of Qianjiang tide can be divided into the Fish Scale Tide (魚鱗潮), First-Line Tide(一線潮), Turn Back Tide (回頭潮), Chongtian Tide (沖天潮) and so on.

Cause of formation
The Qiantang River estuary is a typical trumpet-shaped estuary, with a small inner mouth and a large outer mouth. On the outermost link between Luchaogang and Waiyoushan, the estuary is 98.5km wide; In Shupu (澉浦) area, it is only 19.4km, and the tide level has doubled compared with the outside, with an average of 5.58m for many years and a maximum record of 8.93m; From above Shupu, the riverbed gradually rises rapidly and the water depth becomes shallow, thus forming the tide of Qiantang River. Starting from Haining Jianshan, it traces back to the river for more than 100 kilometers and gradually disappears after reaching the gate of Hangzhou. There are two main reasons for the formation of Qiantang River tide: first, the geomorphic characteristics of its horn-shaped estuary expand the tide energy, resulting in the high tide level; Second, there are huge sand ridges in the reach above Shupu, resulting in the rapid elevation of the riverbed. The ancients had long known the causes of tides: in Lun Heng, Wang Chong of the Eastern Han Dynasty talked about the tidal bore changing with the profits and losses of the sun and the moon, entering the river and arousing the tidal bore due to the shallow water depth; Yan Su of the Northern Song Dynasty put forward in the theory of sea tide that the tide of Qiantang River acts on the sand ridge of the estuary, the front of the tide is blocked, and then the waves stack to form the tide height.

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