Menstruation changes

Unexpected vaginal bleeding and COVID-19 vaccination in nonmenstruating women

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37738335/

Altered bleeding pattern after COVID-19 vaccination has been frequently addressed among menstruating women

Menstrual abnormalities after COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9294036/

A total of 78, 138 vaccinated women

(14 studies).

39, 759 (52.05%) had some form of a menstrual problem after vaccination.

22nd September 2023

The Norwegian Institute of Public Health

Association between COVID-19 vaccination and vaginal bleeding,

among nonmenstruating women is not well studied.

Menorrhagia, increased bleeding during period

Metrorrhagia, Irregular bleeds / between menstrual periods.

Polymenorrhea, less than 21 day cycles, therefore more frequent periods

Several cohorts followed throughout the pandemic

Systematic data collection of self-reporting.

Percentages of unexpected vaginal bleeding

(During a period of 8 to 9 months)

50% happened within 28 days of vaccination.

7,725 postmenopausal women, 3.3%

7,148 perimenopausal women, 14.1%

7,052 premenopausal women, 13.1%

In postmenopausal women

The risk of unexpected vaginal bleeding,

in the 4 weeks after vaccination,

was increased two to threefold,

compared to a prevaccination period.

https://openpublichealthjournal.com/VOLUME/16/ELOCATOR/e187494452305083/FULLTEXT/

11.1% and 37.5% experienced menstrual symptoms

In nonmenstruating perimenopausal and premenopausal women

Risk of unexpected (breakthrough) vaginal bleeding after vaccination

Increased three to fivefold

In premenopausal women

Spikevax was associated with at 32% increased risk as compared to Comirnaty.

More detail

Reports since December 2020,

menstrual disturbances at frequencies not seen in previous vaccination campaigns

Such events were not addressed in the preceding clinical vaccine trials

European Medicines Agency

Recently updated product information of the mRNA vaccines,

to include heavy menstrual bleeding as a potential side effect.

PMB can be a symptom of endometrial carcinoma and precancerous lesions

Women with PMB should be referred for specialized gynecological examination